B12 Respiration (covered)
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Uses of energy in living organisms
-Muscle contraction -Protein synthesis -Growth -Cell division -Passage of nerve impulses -maintenance of constant internal body temperature
Describe Aerobic Respiration
-Chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrients molecules to release energy -Complete breakdown of glucose to release a relatively large amount of energy
Word and symbol equation for aerobic respiration
Word equation: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water Balanced symbol equation: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
Describe Anaerobic Respiration
-Chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen -Incomplete breakdown of glucose and releases much less energy per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration
Word Equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles during vigorous exercise
Glucose → Lactic acid
What occurs during vigorous exercise?
-Anaerobic respiration takes place in muscle cells during vigorous exercise. -Muscles cell is in a higher demand for energy -So glucose is broken down to release energy but some glucose is broken down without oxygen so it releases a small amount of energy. -They produce lactic acid instead of carbon dioxide and water -Lactic acid builds up in muscles and blood during vigours exercise causing an oxygen debt
Anaerobic Respiration in Yeast
Glucose → Alcohol + Carbon dioxide
Outline how the oxygen debt is removed after exercise:
-Continuation of fast heart rate to transport the lactic acid in blood from muscles to liver -Continuation of deeper and faster breathing rate to supply oxygen for aerobic respiration of lactic acid -Aerobic respiration of lactic acid in liver