INTRODUCTION TO ENZYMOLOGY

Study of enzymes 1. Activity of enzymes 2. Chemical reactions it catalyzes 3. Clinical use

Increases the speed of reaction

AKA excess energy

The molecule upon which an enzyme acts

Specific biologic proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions

Often water-free cavity. Region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo chemical reaction

changing the shape of the enzyme or confirmation

impairs activity of the enzyme

enhances activity of the enzyme

Results when an enzyme is subject to posttranslational modification

Isoform of enzymes. Enzyme existing in different forms within the same individual but the same action

Organic cofactor such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Inorganic cofactor like chloride ion, magnesium ion

Nonprotein molecule that may be necessary for enzyme activity

coenzyme that is bound tightly to the enzyme

Ability of an enzyme to choose exact substrate from a group of similar chemical molecules

• Enzymes may recognize and catalyze • A single substrate • A group of similar substrates • A particular type of blood

AKA Zymogen Inactive form or precursor of enzyme

Oxidation and reduction

– removal of H ion

– accept H ion

Addition of water to a bond resulting in bond breakage

Transfer of functional groups other than hydrogen from one substrate to another

Catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond