Professional Nursing

Match the ancient civilization with their corresponding contributions to medicine and health: A. Egyptians B. Greeks C. Romans D. Ancient Hebrews • Developed the Mosaic Health Code, used nurse midwives, established houses for the sick, and began practices of personal hygiene and sanitation • First to study the causes of disease • Performed advanced brain surgery with the patient surviving and kept detailed medical records • Developed high degrees of sanitation and personal hygiene, including the construction of aqueducts

Match the time period with their corresponding events: A: Early Christian Era (2nd-3rd Century CE) B: Middle Ages/Crusades (5th-15th Centuries) C: Reaissance (14th-16th century) D: 17th Century E: 19th Century • Nursing became a respected vocation, but no formal education is associated with nursing • Building of hospitals to care for large number of pilgrims needing healthcare • Women called Deconessess cared for the sick/homeless • Monasteries/convents close • Science and medicine in ascendancy • Organized nursing groups (Sisters of Charity, Ursuline Sisters) • Status of women elevated • Nursing became disreputable • Women convicted of crimes recruited into nursing in lieu of serving jail sentences • Low pay, long hours, and unfacorable working conditions • Florence Nightingate established nursing as a respected occupation for women • Religious Knights of Christianity and Knights Hospitallers • Nuns and Monks

Established the Red Cross

Superintendent of the Female Nurses of the Army during the Civil War

Pioneering crusader for the reform of the treatment of the mentally ill

Provided nursing care to soldiers during the Civil War

Nurse and an abolitionist

Active in the underground railroad movement before joining the Union Army during the Civil War

Graduated in 1873 as the first trained nurse in the United States

Began the practice of keeping records and writing orders

Graduated in1879 as America’s first Black nurse

Established a neighborhood nursing service for the sick and poor of the Lower East Side in New York City

Founder of public health nursing

Established the Frontier Nursing Service

Established one of the first midwifery schools

Changed form and direction of nursing

Set standards for nursing education

Established a respected occupation for women

Made significant recommendations to hospital management and health/illness

Identified nursing as separate from medicine

Helped sick patients get well and helped well patients maintain their health

Developed hospital statistical system to monitor and report outcomes of care

Promoted total patient care (identify and address patients needs)

Observes that successful patient care is affected by noise, colors, light, music, nutrition