ceramics, composites and polymers
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what are ceramics?
they are non metal solids with high mielting points that also are not carbon based
what are the 3 types of ceramics you need to know about?
clay borosilicate glass soda lime glass
how is clay made?
its dug up out the ground so can be moulded into different shapes. when its fired at high temperatures it hardens
how is soda lime glass made?
by heating a mixture of limestone,sand, and sodium carbonate until it melts. when it cools it becomes glass
how is borosilicate glass made?
heat up a mixture of sand and boron trioxide. when it cools it comes out as glass
whats the difference between soda lime and borosilicate glass?
borosilicate glass has a higher temperature
what two things make up a composite and what are they?
reinforcement matrix
what are thermosoftening polymers?
polymers that soften when heated and can be moulded into shape
what are thermosetting polymers?
these harden when heated up and are only soft at first
why do thermosoftening polymers soften when heated up?
polymer chains are held together by weak intermolecular forces that take little energy to overcome so polymer chains can easily slide over eachother. so they can easily be reshaped and moulded
why do thermosetting polymers not soften when heated up?
cross links form when being heated up between polymer chains so the layers can not slide over eachother and they can not be moulded
how do you make brass?
copper + zinc
how do you make bronze?
copper + tin