Chapter 5- Plasma Membranes
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What is a plasma membrane made up of?
Phospholipid bilayer
Roles of membranes
Partially permeable barriers between the cell and its environment Sites of chemical reactions Sites of cell communication
Role of a glycoplipid
Acts as recognition site
Role of a glycoproteins
Branching carbohydrate portion of a protein which acts as a recognition site for chemicals
Role of cholesterol
Used for stability and flexibility
How temperature affects membranes
When temperature is increased the phospholipids will have more kinetic energy and will move more. This makes a membrane more fluid and it will begin to lose its structure. If temperature continues to increase the cell will eventually break down completely
How does alcohol affect membranes
Breaks them down
Define diffusion
Diffusion is the net,or overall, movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Factors affecting rate of diffusion
Temperature Concentration
ATP process
The molecule or in binds to receptor On the inside of the cell ATP binds to the carrier protein and is hydrolysed to ADP and phosphate Binding of the phosphate molecule to the carrier protein causes the protein to change shape The molecule or ion is released to the inside of the cell The phosphate molecule is realeased from carrier protein and forms ATP
Osmosis in a plant cell
Water potential higher outside of solution , means enters cel and becomes more turgid Water potential same , water enters and leaves , at equal rates Water potential lower outside of solution , leaves cell , contents shrink