Chapter 60 - Bone and Joint Biology
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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collagen types found in bone
90% type I collagen 5% type III and IV
what i the primary extracellular matrix protein found in bone?
Type I collagen
what is the progenitor cell for osteoblasts
mesenchymal stem cells
what receptors do osteoblasts have on them?
PTH receptors
what substance do osteoblasts secrete?
type I collagen
what are marker proteins for osteoblasts?
alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin
osteocyte role
support/maintainbone
signalling between osteocytes is mediated via
gap junctions
osteocyte role in bone remodeling
secrete RANK-L load sensing, mechanosensing cells
how do osteocytes regulate bone formation
secrete sclerostin which acts on the Wnt pathway by binding LRP5/6 receptors on osteoblasts
progenitor cell for osteoclasts?
monocyte/macrophages (hematopoietic cells)
what are the repair stages of bone?
• inflammatory - macrophages infiltrate fracture site - PDGF, TGFb, IL1, IL6, PGE2, TNFa released locally • early post fracture period - periosteal pre-osteoblasts and local osteoblasts form new bone - MSCs and fibroblasts proliferate - BMPs and TGFs expressed • Fracture hematoma maturation - neovascularization, MSC differentiation, cartilage formation (endochondral ossification) • Conversion of hypertrophic cartilage to bone Collagen I, V, XI osteocalcin BMP, TGFB, IGF • Remodeling
synovial fluid composition
ultrafiltrate of plasma, low albumin concentration, high concentration of hyaluronic acid and lubricin
marker proteins for osteoclasts
tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) calcitonin receptor cathepsin K
motion at a fracture site promotes what kind of secondary bone healing ossification?
endochondral ossification - callous formation - cartilage precursor
stability at a fracture site promotes what kind of secondary bone healing
intramembranous ossification
absolute stability at a fracture site promotes what kind of bone healing?
primary bone healing - cutting cones and haversian remodeling