4.3.2 features used in classification

a group of organisms that can freely interbreed to produce fertile offspring

does not apply to those who breed asexually

group of individual organisms that are very similar in appearance, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry & genetics

either plant or animal & by similarities he observed - live & move in water - live & move on land - move through the air

• prokaryote • protoctista • fungi • plantae • animalia

• no nucleus • loop of DNA • naked DNA (not associated with histone protiens) • no membrane-bound organelles • smaller ribosomes • smaller than eukaryotes • may be free-living or parasitic eg. bacteria

• eukaryotic • mostly single-celled (many algae are multicellular) • wide variety of forms • various plant-like/animal-like features • mostly free-living • autotrophic or heterotrophic nutrition —> eg. paramecium

absorb simple molecules & build into larger organic molecules eg. photosynthesis

digest large organic molecules to form smaller molecules for absorption eg. ingest prey

• eukaryotic • can exist as single cells (yeasts) or have mycelium (consist of hyphae) • walls of chitin • cytoplasm is multinucleate • mostly free-living & saprophytic (cause decay of organic matter) —> eg. fungus

• eukaryotic • multicellular • cells surrounded by cellulose cell wall • autotrophic • contain chlorophyll —> eg. bean seedling

• eukaryotic • multicellular • heterotrophic • usually able to move around —> eg. frog