AAMC Bio QPack Volume 1

3 Na+ out 2 K+ in 1 ATP used

red blood cells

the amount of blood pumped into the system by the heart per unit time = stroke volume x heart rate

total peripheral resistance cardiac output

the narrowing of blood vessels slows blood flow raises blood pressure

loss of blood from damaged blood vessel

proteins that provide structural support for DNA the DNA winds around 8 histones to create a nucleosome (?)

causes sodium and water to be reabsorbed from the kidney filtrate into the blood causes potassium to be excreted from the blood into the urine the increased volume of the blood raises blood pressure

Mitosis -> production of daughter cells that are genetically ** identical ** to the original cell Meiosis –> production of **unique ** gametes with half the number of chromosomes than the original cell

bacteria and archaea

animals, plants, and fungi

prokaryotic: circular DNA eularyotic: linear DNA

plant cells: cell wall & membrane animal cells: memrane only

70s prokaryote ribosomes are smaller than the 80s eukaryote ribosomes

catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate

ATP

the process by which a species spreads to new areas

a hormone that the parathyroid glands release to control calcium levels in your blood also controls phosphorus and vitamin D levels

a group of organisms that can successfully breed and produce fertile offspring

hypothalamus releases GTRH anterior pituitary gland releases FSH and LH FSH stimulates development of follicles the developing follicles secrete estrogen LH spike causes ovulation → egg is released into f tubes the follicle that released the egg becomes the corpus luteum which releases progesterone + estrogen