Principles of Chemistry - Ionic Bonding
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how are ions formed?
by electron loss or gain
what type of ion do metal atoms form?
cations (positive ions)
what type of ion do non-metal atoms form?
anions (negative ions)
what charge do group 1 elements have?
1+
what charge do group 2 elements have?
2+
what charge do group 3 elements have?
3+
what charge do group 5 elements have?
3-
what charge do group 6 elements have?
2-
what charge do group 7 elements have?
1-
what charge do group 8 elements have?
0
what charge do sulfate (SO₄) atoms have?
2-
what charge do cabonate (CO₃) atoms have?
2-
what charge do nitrate (NO₃) atoms have?
1-
what charge do hydroxide (OH) atoms have?
1-
what charge do ammonium (NH₄) atoms have?
1+
what charge do silver ions have?
1+
what charge do zinc ions have?
2+
what charge do hydrogen ions have?
1+
what is ionic bonding?
a strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
why do compounds with giant ionic lattices have high melting and boiling points?
Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because they have a giant structure with strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions that require a lot of energy to break.
do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
not when solid, but they do if molten or in solution