4.2 Reactions of Acids
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Write out the word equation for the reaction between acids and metals
Acid + Metal -> Salt + Hydrogen Salt means the metal salt e.g. NaCl
What is a redox reaction?
Reduction Oxdiation reaction One subtanced reduced and another oxidised
Write out the half equations for the Redox reaction 2HCl + Mg -> MgCl2+ H2
Mg is group 2 therefore we know it loses 2 electrons Chlorine is group 7 therefore we know it gains 1 electron Mg-> Mg2+ + 2e- 2Cl-> 2Cl- + 2e-
What are acids neutralised by?
Alkalis
What is the difference between an alkali and a base?
Alkali Soluble metal hydroixdes Bases Insolbule metal hydroxides and metal oxides
Write out the word equations for reactions between acids with alkalis and acids with bases
acid + alkali -> salt + water acid + base -> salt + water
What happens when metal carbonates are added to acids?
Acid + Metal carbonate -> Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide
What do acids produce in aqueous solutions?
H+ ions
What do alkalis produce in aqueous solutions?
OH- ions
What do the following pHs mean? pH 7 pH < 7 pH > 7
7= neutral Under 7 - acidic Greater than 7 is alkaline
What is the ionic equation for any neutralisation reaction?
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> H2 O(l)
What is the equation for moles in relation to volume?
n= C x V
What is a strong acid?
Completely dissociates in aqueous solution
What is a weak acid?
Only partially dissociates in aqueous solution
What happens to the concentration of H+ ions as pH decreases by one unit?
As pH decreases by one unit The concentration of H+ increases by a factor of 10