C: Nervous System
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What are the two parts of the nervous system
CNS and PNS
What constitutes the CNS
Brain and spine
What constitutes the PNS
All other neuronal connections in the body
What are the three kinds of neuron
Sensory neuron, interneuron and motor neuron
What is the approximate weight of the human brain
About 1.5 kg
What is the human brain incased in
The skull, meninges and cerebral fluid
What is the function of the cranium
It gives a strong hard case to protect the brain
What is the function of the meninges and how many layers are there
They cushion the brain and there are 3 layers
What is the function of cerebral fluid
Cerebral fluid is a fluid that prevents the brain from bumping into the meninges too much
What is a reflex
An involuntary, non conscious response to stimuli
What is a reflex arc
The nervous pathway that carries out a reflex
what are the three parts of a neuron
the dendrites, cell body and axon
what is the function of the dendrites
branches act as receptors for neurotransmitters
what are neurotransmitters
chemical used by nerve pathways to cross the synapse
what is the function of the cell body in a neuron
keeps the cell alive and does the thinking
what are the dendrites coparable to
the branches on a dendritic cell
what is the function of the axon
to transmit electrical signals
what converts electrical impulses into neurotransmitters
axon terminals
why are neurotransmitters needed to transmit the signals
there is a gap between nerve cells where electricity cannot traverse
what is the gap between neurons called
the synaptic cleft or synapse
what protects the axon
the myelin sheath
what is myelin
a substance that is made up from proteins and fatty acids
what is the function of the muelin sheath
the axon has little checkpoints called nodes of ranvier that make it up - the myelin sheath allows the electrical impulse to jump through the myelin to make it quicker and reduce electrical leakage
what 3 main parts make up the brain
the cerebrum, cerebellum and the brainstem