Freuds Psychodynamic
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Psychodynamic main beliefs
• Influence of unconscious process are Important on behaviour. (conscious//precocious//unconscious) • Early childhood important (up to 5)
The conscious
• We are aware at any point in time abt this, consists mainly ego, and contains memories that can be easily recalled.
The pre-conscious
• Not currently aware of, but can be aware and access it. • Consists of ego and superego
The unconscious
• Never have direct access to it, can’t distinguish between fantasy and reality, no logic so all can coexist (eg love&hate) • Mainly contains the id
Defence mechanisms
• Repression: Pushing bad experiences in order to protect us from the bad emotion • Denial • Regression: Revert to child-like state when can’t achieve what you want or when dealing w stress • Projection: experiencing personal unacceptable thoughts you project by saying its someone else’s thoughts • Sublimation: transform unwanted impulses into something less harmful/helpful. • Rationalism: explaining our actions so they make more sense.
ID
• Exists from birth, the most primitive part of personality • Concerned w things that ensure survival and pleasure • Demands satisfaction w immediacy at all costs • ‘Pleasure principle”
Ego
• Intouch w real world, rational and logical. Consists of all we know. • Allows to realise talking//explaining//planning//negotiating etc is more effective.
Superego
• Makes sure ego doesn’t use unacceptable means to satisfy the id’s demands. • Conscious & ego ideal. • “Morality principle”
The conscious and the unconscious
• F wanted target unconscious which contains hidden aspects of yourself.
Oedipus Complex
• Boy develops extreme sexual desires for mom around 5yrs old. • Desire causes boy to reject & display hostile aggression toward dad “rival”. • Fears his dad will hurt//castrate him : internal conflict
Electra Complex
• Girl develops extreme sexual desires for dad around 5yrs old. • Desire causes girl to reject & display agg toward mom. • Since girls can’t get castrated they’re unable to develop conscious through fear of castration. • Superego therefore weaker than males.
Stages of development
• Oral - mouth pleasure , governed by ID • Anal - Retentive or not , development of ego • Phallic - pleasure in gentiles , development of superego
Eros and Thanatos
• Eros: life instinct, contains libidio that manifests itself as sexuality • Thantos: death instinct, manifests as aggression and destructiveness.
Catharsis
• By acting out built up emotions, it helps release aggressive tendencies.