Chapter 12

eukarya

eukarya

• hyphal fragment breaks off vegetative mycelium • fragment grows to produce new mycelium • vegetative mycelium grows

• haploid donor cell nucleus (+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell (-) • • and - fuse • diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei thru meiosis, creating sexual spores

asexual reproduction is independent while sexual reproduction requires two organisms

• promote growth of many plant species • fermentation (foods and drinks)

• valley fever (coccidiomycosis) • degradation

pigments

silica cell walls, important primary producers in ocean, produce domoic acid (neurotoxins)

have two flagella endosymbionts in corals cause red tides produce neurotoxins (shellfish poisoning)

asexual reproduction only

where sexual reproduction occurs

naegleria fowleri (brain eating amoeba), plasmodium vivax (malaria)

maintain individual cell walls in slug phase

form multinucleate mass, individual cells lost

chemoheterotroph

mostly multicellular; yeast are unicellular

yeast - unicellular molds - filamentous mushrooms and fruiting bodies - fleshy

absorptive

sexual and asexual spores

organic matter especially wood

growth of many species

mass of hyphae

symmetrically