Polyesters
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What are polyesters
Polymers in which the monomers are linked together by ester groups
What is a condensation reaction
A reaction in which molecules join together by splitting off a small molecule eg water
What is a condensation polymers
A polymer formed by a series of condensation reactions
How are polyesters formed
By condensation reactions between dicarboxylic acid and diol / monomers that have both carboxylic acid group and -OH group/ dioyl chloride and diol to produce ester linkage and water
What is terylene (PET) made of
Ethane-1,2-diol and benzene-1,4-di carboxylic acid
Uses of PET
-plastic containers for fizzy drinks -fibres to make clothing as hard wearing, washable and relatively cheap
Why are polyesters biodegradable and what does this mean
As can be broken down through hydrolysis due to the polarity within the polymer molecules so can be broken down easily in nature by naturally occurring water/moisture so can be put into landfill where they will gradually break down
Name of glycerol
Propan-1,2,3-triol
What does unsaturated fatty acid form
Oils, lower boiling point and are liquid at room temp
What does saturated fatty acid form
Fat, solid at room temp due to higher bp
How is soap made from fats/oils, what is process called and why are these salts used
When heated with sodium hydroxide, process called saponification, used as soaps as they have hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties so can emulsify grease and oil