5.7 Neutralisation And The pH Scale
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Alkalis def
A base that dissolves in water
W
Acids def
When dissolved in water, its solution has a pH value less than 7. Acids are proton (H+ ion) donors
Neutral def
A solution with a pH of 7 which is neither acidic nor basic
pH def
A number which shows how strongly acidic or alkaline a solution is
Example of alkalis
• soluble hyrdroxides • eg sodium hydroxide
Examples of bases
• metal oxides and hydroxides • eg ion and copper hydroxide, that are insoluble in water
What makes a solution acidic
• acids release H+ ions into a solution when added to water • these excess H+ ions make the solution acidic
What makes a solution alkaline
• all alkalis form aqueous hydroxide ions, OH-(aq), when added to water • these excess aqueous hydroxide ions make a solution alkaline
What are the ways to measure pH and which one is best?
• litmus paper • universal indicator • pH probe and meter: best bc it is most accurate
What does the pH scale go to
From 0 to 14