Chapter 3 - Food
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What is a balanced diet?
A balanced diet consists of the right amounts of each of the six food constituents
What are the six constituents of a balanced diet?
• Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Vitamins • Minerals • Water
What is anaemia
A condition that may result with a lack of iron. A person may become tired and pale
What is the function of sugars and where can they be found?
A fast supply of energy. Can be found in fruits, honey, soft drinks et cetera
What is the function of starch and where can it be found?
A slower supply of energy. Can be found in bread, potato, rice, pasta et cetera
What is the function of fibre and where can it be found?
Prevents constipation. Can be found in cereals, brown bread, fruit, veg et cetera
What is the function of fats and where can they be found?
They may supply energy, they store energy in the body and they insulate the body. They can be found in butter, cream, milk, oil, margarine
What is the function of protein and where can it be found?
Protein makes muscle, hair, hormones and enzymes. It can be found in meat, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, nuts, peas, beans
What is the function of vitamin C and where can it be found?
It keep skin and gums healthy. It can be found in fruit, green veg, potatoes, citrus fruits
What is the function of vitamin D and where can it be found?
It forms strong bones. It can be found in milk, butter, cheese, eggs, fish liver oil
What is the function of iron and where can it be found?
Iron forms part of red blood cells. It can be found in green veg, red meat, egg yolk
What is the function of calcium and where can it be found?
Calcium forms strong bones. It can be found in milk, cheese
What is the function of water and where it be found?
Water allows cells to function. It can be found in drinks, vegetables
What do living things need food for?
Food is needed for energy, growth, repair and to prevent diseases
What are the units used for the energy value of a food?
Kilojoules per gram (kg/g)
Generally _____________ and ________ have the same energy values while ____ have over twice the energy value of the other two
Generally carbohydrates and proteins have the same energy values while fats have over twice the energy value of the other two
How would you test food for protein?
You would add a few drops of sodium hydroxide and a few drops of copper sulfate and, if the solution turns purple, protein is present
How would you test a food for fat?
You would rub the food in brown paper and, if a stain is left after it had dried, fat is present
How would you test a food for starch?
If the food turns a blue/black colour in the presence of iodine, starch is present
How would you test a food for reducing sugar?
If the food turns brick red colour when mixed with Benedict’s solution, reducing sugar is present