Circulatory And Respiratory Systems
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What is a pulse?
Where an artery runs closer to the surface, often over a bone
What do arteries to do?
Take blood away from the heart
What do veins do?
Take blood back into the heart
What do capillaries do?
Link arteries and veins
Is the lumen in an artery small or large?
Small
Are the walls of an artery thick or thin?
They are thick-they are made of muscle and elastic fibres
Is there a high blood pressure in arteries?
Yes as it is coming from the heart
Are there valves in an artery?
No
Are the lumen small or large In a vein?
Large
Are the walls of a vein thick or thin?
They are relatively thin
Do veins have valves?
Yes they often do
How big is a capillary’s walls?
They are very thin - 1 cell thick
How big is the lumen of a capillary?
They are tiny
Are capillaries permeable?
Yes Oxygen, glucose, urea and carbon dioxide diffuse through tiny pores
What is a double circulatory system?
When blood is passed through the heart twice
What are the advantages of a double circulatory system?
They are more efficient blood can be sent off to different parts of the body at high-pressure oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix
Why must blood go to the lungs?
Oxygen defuses into blood at the lungs CO2 diffuses out of blood at the lungs
What is the function of the atria?
They contract together and for split down into the ventricles
What is the function of the ventricles
They contract and force blood out of the heart The right ventricle forces the oxygenated blood to the lungs in the pulmonary artery The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around the body in a big artery called the Aorta
What is the function of valves?
Very close to stop the blood flowing backwards out of the heart
What is the function of the pacemaker?
Controls the basic rhythm of your heart
What is an exchange surface?
Surface when materials are exchanged between an organism and its environment
What happened to the diaphragm when we inhale?
It contracts and moves down and becomes flattened
What happened to the diaphragm when we exhale?
It relaxes, moves up and becomes a dome shape