Neurobiology and Immunology: Clinical Trials of Vaccines and Drugs
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What are vaccines subject to, to establish their effectiveness before being licensed for use?
Clinical trials
What does the design of clinical trials of vaccines and drugs involve?
Randomised trials, double-blind trials and placebo-controlled trials
Why are subjects divided into groups in a randomised way in clinical trials?
To reduce bias in the distribution of characteristics such as age and gender within a group
What is a double-blind trial?
A trial where neither the subjects nor the researchers know which group subjects are in to prevent bias
What happens in a trial?
One group receives the vaccine or drug while the second group receives a placebo control to ensure valid comparisons.
Why should group sizes be large?
To reduce the experimental error and establish statistical significance
Why are results compared?
To determine whether there are statistically significant differences between trial and control groups