7. Notes and revision

Energy security refers to the sustainable supply of energy resources to meet the needs of a society

availability of resources eg oil medcs vs ledcs; tech devlt EVS cultural attitudes eg ecocentric societies may not be keen on oil and gass energy due to the pollution geographical location eg wind, solar, hydroelectricity

Climate change water scarcity Lack of technological devt. political conflict eg Russia-Ukraine gas conflict

solar wind hydro coal oil

Environmentally friendly less co2 emissions sustainable However depends on weather expensive installation costs

High energy density produced established infrastructure for it However; CO2 pollution Climate change

this is the atmospheric conditions of an area over a short period of time

this is the average weather condition of an area over a long period of time

this is the long term alterations OF THE average weather conditions of an area over a long period of time

this is when greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun warming the earths surface

this is the relative measure of how much heat greenhouse gases trap over a number of years

sea levels rising due to ice caps melting increased evapouration drying up water bodies heatwaves killing people habitat destruction for polars and aquatic life water scarcity ie less rain and increased rate of evapouration

Global warming = albedo defforestation = fires permafrost melting = methane • Global warming = increased global temperature = increased melting of ice caps = increased sea levels = decreased decreased albedo = increased absorption of heat = increased global temperatures • defforestation = increased co2 = increased temperatures = increased forest fires = increased defforestation • Permafrost melting = increased methane produced because it trapped in the permafrost = increased temperatures = increased permafrost melting

CO2 methane tropospheric ozone cfcs in refridgerators

is when an output becomes an input of a system

this is when a system moves back to equilibrium

this is when a system moves away from equilibrium

this is the reduction and removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere

this is the management of the effects of climate change.

Methane; change cow diets to reduce methane Tropospheric ozone; renewable energy alternatives thus reduced combustion of fossil fuels reducing pollution of nitrogen oxides that form tropospheric ozone CO2; afforestation to promote photosynthesis as trees absorb carbon dioxide and let out oxygen Education against cfcs Legislation; carbon tax

THINK HOW TO SOLEVE WATER SCARCITY Increase water reservoirs harvest rain water GMO drought resistant crops Legislation education

the kyoto protocol 160 countries negociate to commiting to reducing in greenhouse emissions

Methane; cows Tropospheric ozone; combustion of fossil fuels that let out nitogen oxides CO2; defforestation

Ocean acidification is a process whereby the pH of the Earth’s oceans decreases over time, making them more acidic