Chapter 4 fingerprints
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another word for fingerprint?
Dactylogram
the study of fingerprints
dactyloscopy
all _________ have fingerprints
primates
what animal has fingerprints that most closely resembles a humans
koalas
when are fingerprints formed?
in the fetal stage
what was the west will case
in 1903, a prisoner named will west was brought to Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary his Bertillon measurements and photogenic appearance appeared to be identical to another prisoner (William west) serving a life sentence in murder. they were not related -> fingerprints
most common type of fingerprint?
loops
a loop must have
one or more ridges entering from one side of the print, fecurring (?) and exiting from the same side
what is a delta?
a place where two lines run side by side and then diverge with a significant recurring line passes in front of the delta (a triangle is formed)
what’s a ulnar loop?
pattern come sin and goes out toward little finger. left hand.
what’s a radical loop?
pattern comes in and out towards thumb. right hand. not very common. usually found on index fingers.
what’s the percentage of people with whorls?
30-35
whorl patterns must have
• type lines - at least two deltas
what’s a plain whorl?
consists of one or more ridges which tend to make a complete circuit
what a central pocket whorl?
must have 2 deltas
double loop whorls?
consists of two seperate & distinct loop formations. loops have separate and distinct shoulders. has 2 deltas.
what are arches?
compost about 5% of fingerprints. no deltas.
what is a plain arch?
no delta & no core. lines come in one side of the print and exit the other side without much of a change in patterns.
what’s a tented arch?
no delta. line-type quickly rises and falls at a steep angle
one delta
loop
> 1 delta
whorl
no delta
arch
what is ridgeology
the study of the uniqueness of friction ridge structures and their use for personal identification.
what are minutiae points?
points where ridge structure changes?