1 - Principles of chemistry (a) States of matter
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How is a solid arranged, and how do the particles act?
A solid has clear, organised and arranged rows of particles, all vibrating on the spot with little energy.
How is a liquid arranged, and how do the particles act?
Particles are close together and connected, but in an irregular pattern. The particles are free to move and vibrate, and have a moderate amount of energy
How is a gas arranged, and how do the particles act?
Particles are far apart and there are no forces between them. Particles move in a random direction, and have a high amount of energy, moving quickly
What are the conversions between solid liquid and gas called?
Solid –> Liquid - Melting Liquid –> Gas - Evaporation Gas –> Liquid - Condensation Liquid –> Solid - Freezing Solid –> Gas - Sublimation Gas –> Solid - Deposition
What is a solvent?
The liquid that dissolves a solid
What is a solute?
The substance that dissolves in a liquid
What is a solution?
The liquid formed when a solid dissolved in a liquid
What is a saturated solution?
A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved