Glassware
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used for heating and sterilization, commonly used for constriction of reagent bottles
High Thermal Resistant/Borosilicate Glass
high resistance to alkali
Boron-free/Soft Glass
special alumina-silicate glass that has been strengthened chemically than thermally
Corex
poor resistance to high temperature; used to make disposable glassware
Flint glass
used for light sensitive reagents
Low-actinic glass
Are frequently used for preparation of standard solutions
Volumetric flasks
Wide straight sided cylindrical vessels that are available in many sizes; used generally for mixing and for reagent preparation
Beaker
Are often used for preparing reagents and titration purposes
Erlenmeyer Flask
comes in different sizes depending on their intended use; chemical reaction medium
Test tubes
A long and straight sided cylindrical piece of glassware with calibration.
Graduated cylinder
Long cylindrical graduated pipettes with stopcock; used for titration
Biuret
Another type of volumetric glassware used extensively in the laboratory.
Pipettes
Types of Pipettes
Transfer pipettes Graduated or Measuring pipettes
Transfer Pipette
Volumetric pipette Pasteur pipette Automatic pipette
Graduated Pipette
Serologic Pipette Mohr pipette
An instrument that uses force to separate solid matter from a liquid suspension
Centrifuge
Heating solutions in a Test tube
-Fill the test tube with half full of liquid to be heated -Use a test tube holder to hold the test tube -Make sure the test tube is positioned 45 degrees angle when heating it -Place it over the flame passing it back and forth so that the flame strike the tube just below at the liquid level but never at the bottom of the tube -Never point the open end of the tube to anyone while heating the solution in it -Never look directly inside the tube that is being heated -Never smell the solution directly from the test tube, wave your hand towards you —-identify the smell
Handling Solids
-To get solids from a reagent bottle, spoon it with a clean and dry spatula (a dirty spatula will contaminate the portion being taken and all the reagents inside the bottle) -When weighing solid chemicals, put the reagent on a watch glass -Do not place the reagent directly on the pans of the balance -Do not return excess reagents into its original container
it is the process of separating solid particles from liquid by pouring the mixture in a filter paper
Filtration
solid left on the filter paper
Residue
– the liquid portion at the bottom of the container
Filtrate
It is the process of pouring the liquid portion of the mixture to another container while not disturbing the solid particles that settle at the bottom of the container
Decantation Filter
– solid at the bottom of the container
Residue/sediment
the liquid portion on top of the solution
Decantate