Cell Structure

• Proteins made at ribosomes. • The ribosomes on the RER make proteins that are excreted/attached to the cell membrane. • New proteins produced at the Rough ER are folded and processed in the Rough ER. • Then they’re transported from the ER to the Golgi apparatus in the vesicles. • At the Golgi apparatus, the proteins may undergo further processing. • Proteins enter more vesicles to be transported around the cell.

-Found on surface of animal cells. -Found inside cell wall of plant cells -Made of lipids and proteins.

-Regulates movement of substances into and out of the cell. -Has receptor molecules on it, which allow it to respond to chemical like hormones.

-Rigid structure that surrounds plant cells. -Made if carbohydrate cellulose.

Supports plant cells.

-Large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope (double membrane), contains many nucleolus. -Contains chromatin and Structure called the nucleolus.

-Controls cells activities. -DNS contains instructs to make proteins. -Pores allow substances to move between nucleolus and the cytoplasm. -Nucleolus makes ribosomes.

-Round organelle surrounded by a membrane, with no clear internal structure.

-Contains digestive enzymes. -These are kept separate from cytoplasm by surrounding membrane, and can be used to digest invading skin irritation to break down worn out components of cell.

-Very small organelle that either floats free in the cytoplasm or is attached to the RER. -Made up if proteins and RNA. -Not surrounded by a membrane.

-Site where proteins are made.

-System of membranes enclosing a fluid-filled space. -Surface is covered with ribosomes.

-Folds and processed proteins that have been made at the ribosomes.

-Similar to RER but with no ribosomes.

-Synthesises and processes lipids.

-Small fluid-filled sac in the cytoplasm, surrounded by a membrane.

-Transports substances in and out of the cell. -Some are formed by the Golgi apparatus or the Endoplasmic reticulum, while others are formed at the cell surface.

-A group of fluid-filled membrane-bound, flattened sacs. - Vesicles are often seen at the edges of the sacs.

-Processes and packages new lipids and proteins. -It also makes lysosomes.

-Often oval-shaped. -Double membrane. -Inner folded to form structures called cristae. -Inside is the matrix, which contains enzymes involved in respiration.

-Site of aerobic respiration where ATP is produced. -Found in large numbers in cells that are very active and require a lot of energy.

-Small, flattened structure found in plant cells. -Surrounded by a double membrane. -Has membranes inside called thylakoid membranes. -These membranes are stacked up in some grana. -Grana are linked together by lamellae-thin flat pieces of thylakoid membranes.

-Site where photosynthesis takes place. -Some parts of photosynthesis happen in the grana, and other parts happen in the stroma. -Stroma is a thick fluid found in chloroplast.

-Small, hollow cylinders. -Made of microtubules. -Found in animal cells, but only some plant cells.