Chapter 7 The Nervous System
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Name the two divisions of the nervous system
CNS PNS
What does the CNS stand for and what does it involve
Central nervous system Brain and spinal cord
What does the PNS stand for and what does it involve
Peripheral nervous system Cranial and spinal nerves
What controls the skeletal muscles
Somatic nervous system
What controls the smooth/cardiac muscle
Autonomic nervous system
What system is known as rest and digest
Parasympathetic nervous system
What system is known as fight or flight
Sympathetic nervous system
How can a neuron communicate
electrical signals Chemical messengers = neurotransmitters
What are Glial cells
supporting cells that help neurons to function
What receives information from other neurons
dendrites
Where do action potentials generally occur
in the axons
Where do action potentials specifically occur in myelinated axons
node of ravier
What is the percentage of neurons and glial cells in the CNS
50% neurons 50% glial
Where are glial cells found and give an example
surrounding the axon and dendrites Schwann cells (PNS)
What do Schwann cells form in the PNS
Myelin around the axon
What causes myelin to form around the CNS axon
Oligodendrocytes
What does the afferent neuron do
Takes information away from tissue and organs to the CNS Known as sensory
What does the efferent neuron do
Take information away from the CNS to effector cells Known as motor
What system is a muscle contraction an example of
Somatic
What does a interneuron do
Connects neurons within the CNS
What is a ganglion
Grouping of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS
What is Ohm’s Law
I = V/R I = Current V = electrical potential R = resistance
What is current
movement of electrical charge
What is resistance
hindrance of electrical charge movement