Lesson 1.1: Operating Systems
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address binding
Mapping program addresses to physical memory.
application software
Programs that help users do specific tasks.
batch processing
Running a set of jobs without user input.
base register
Holds the start address of a memory segment.
bounds register
Holds the end address of a memory segment.
context switch
Saving/restoring CPU state to switch processes.
CPU scheduling
Choosing which process the CPU runs next.
demand paging
Loading pages into memory only when needed.
dumb terminal
Input/output device with no processing power.
dynamic partition technique
Memory split into variable-sized blocks for processes.
first-come, first-served (FCFS)
Runs processes in the order they arrive.
fixed partition technique
Memory split into fixed-sized sections.
frame
Fixed-size block of physical memory for paging.
logical address
CPU-generated address before translation.
mainframe
A powerful computer for many users and tasks.
memory management
Controls and organizes memory use.
multiprogramming
Running multiple programs at once to use CPU efficiently.
non-preemptive scheduling
Lets a process finish before switching.
operating system (OS)
Manages hardware, software, and system tasks.
page
A block of virtual memory.
page map table (PMT)
Tracks virtual-to-physical page mappings.
page swap
Moving memory pages between RAM and disk.
paged memory technique
Divides memory into pages to reduce fragmentation.
partition memory management
Splits memory into parts for processes.