Functional group - WM/PL
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Functional group, often written as, example - Alcohols
R-OH ROH ethanol https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Ethanol-Formula-.png
Functional group, often written as, example - Ethers
R-O-R’ ROR’ https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/20220410222410/Dimethylether-300x288.jpg
Functional group, often written as, example - Phenols
benzene ring directly bonded to OH (not an alcohol anymore) C₆H₅OH https://www.hpc-standards.com/bilder/265/8612.jpg (2-methlyphenol)
Functional group, often written as, example - Aldehyde
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Aldehyde_general_structure.svg RCHO https://www.reagent.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Chem/ca/Chemical-structure-of-ethanal.png (ethanal)
Functional group, often written as, example - Ketone
https://enthu.com/blog/media/sAlZJltiYv2mHxd7.png RCOR’ https://st.adda247.com/https://www.adda247.com/jobs/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/04/25234108/Acetone.png Propanone
Functional group, often written as, example - Carboxylic acid
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carboxylic-acid.svg/1200px-Carboxylic-acid.svg.png RCOOH https://search-static.byjusweb.com/question-images/toppr_ext/questions/612118_579314_ans.png (ethanoic acid)
Functional group, often written as, example - Esters
https://study.com/cimages/multimages/16/rsz_768px-ester-2dsvg3075576439747484926.png RCOOR’ or RCO₂R’ https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Ethyl-Acetate-Formula-01.png
Functional group, often written as, example - Acyl chloride
https://www.chemistrystudent.com/images/A2Organic/organic/organicchemistryacylchlorides1blank.png RCOCl https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQZbX0GtGHiyXl1WEsi1m9WHH2HLrKNaMs0vg&s
Functional group, often written as, example - Acid anhydride
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSIESB7dRWnpOwOfkq1DCnkiCUo21oLIe5zSg&s (RCO)2O https://www.shutterstock.com/image-illustration/organic-compound-acetic-anhydride-structure-600nw-1939890481.jpg
Functional group, often written as, example - Amine
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Amine_Functional_Group.png/250px-Amine_Functional_Group.png RNH₂ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Ethylamine-2D-flat.png
Functional group, often written as, example - Amide
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Amide-%28primary%29-skeletal.png/250px-Amide-%28primary%29-skeletal.png -CONH₂ https://cdn.images.fecom-media.com/FE00001188/images/Acetamide_JQeUiazP4U.JPG
How to name esters
ABC (alcohol before c.acid) part with C=O is c.acid part with C-O is alcohol ….yl ……anoate https://www.gcsescience.com/ethyl-propanoate.gif Name - ethyl propanoate
How to name amines
non-systematic = longest chain-yl amine e.g. methylamine - can only be used for simple amines systematic = number - amino, longest chain, ANE e.g. 2-aminopenatne https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/2-pentanamina.png phenylamine - just remember https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/b/chemistry-illustration-phenylamine-organic-d-rendering-290690553.jpg
How to name polyamides
polyamide = nylon nylon 6,6 -> 2 numbers = 2 different monomers (ABABAB) First number indicates the number of carbon between amide groups Second number indicates number of carbons between c.acid groups (including carbon involved in functional group) nylon 6 -> 1 number = one monomer (AAAA) Number of carbons between functional groups (including ones involved)