Aldehydes And Ketones
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What is a carbonyl group?
What is the general formula and functional group for an aldehyde?
What is the functional group for a ketone?
How do you name aldehydes?
How do you name ketones?
What IMF’s do molecules with a carbonyl group have?
What is the strongest bond in carbonyl compounds?
What bond in carbonyl compounds is usually involved in reactions and why?
Describe the mechanism for the nucleophilic addition of a carbonyl compound (Use :Nu- as the nucleophile)
Define nucleophile
Give three examples of nucleophiles
Why is the addition of HCN important?
Will the product of HCN addition to a carbonyl compound have optical isomers, if so why?
What is the name given to the product of HCN added to carbonyl compounds?
What is Fehling’s solution, and what colour is it ?
What happens when an aldehyde is added to Fehling’s solution?
What happens when a ketone is added to Fehling’s solution?
What is Tollen’s reagent, and what colour is it?
What happens when an aldehyde is added to Tollen’s reagent?
What happens when a ketone is added to Tollen’s reagent?
What is an oxidising agent for alcohols and aldehydes, what is the positive result?
What is the reducing agent for aldehydes and ketones? What ions are then released in the solution?
Name and describe the mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde
State the equations for the reduction of both: pentan-2-one 3-methylbutanal