specific immune response basics
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what is the importance of a specific immune response?
• if pathogen not dealt with by non specific response • important that it is specifically targeted • in the form of antibodies which are made for the shape of pathogen antigens
where are lymphocytes found?
• bloodstream • lymphatic stream
what does the maturation process involve for T and B cells?
development of glycoprotein structures on outside surface membrane
what are T cells known as before they encounter their complimentary antigen?
naive
describe T helper cells
• receptors on plasma membrane which bind to surface of antigens • activated by cytokine interleukin 1 • undergoes mitosis = clonal expansion • produce cytokine interleukin 2 • differentiates memory and regulator cells
what does interleukin 2 do?
• activates B lymphocytes for antibody production • stimulates T killer cells • attracts and stimulates macrophages for phagocytosis
describe T killer cells
• destroy pathogen carrying antigen • produces perforin to make pores in plasma membrane • kills infected cells
describe T memory cells
• long lived • part of immunological memory for secondary response • forms T killer cells if reinfected
describe T regulatory cells
• suppress immune system • once pathogen eliminated, stops immune response • controlled by interleukins