Ethers
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Compounds containing an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms
Ethers
Hybridization of O in ethers
sp3 hybridized since 2 bonds to C and 2 electron pairs
Properties of ethers
Occur widely in nature Have many industrial, pharmaceutical, and biological applications
The familiar ether of medicinal use, frequently used as a reaction solvent, was one popular as an inhaled anesthetic
Diethyl ether
Polarity of Ether
Non polar
Ether General formula
R-O-R
True or False: can be though of as an organic derivatives of water in both hydrogens are replaced by organic components
true
Ethers have nearly the same geometry as _____
water
Ethers have lower melting points than
Alcohols and phenols
(Ether) IUPAC name of ether follows the general format
alkoxyalkanes
(Ether) IUPAC nameL name of alkoxy group
Shorter alkyl group with oxygen
(Ether) Name of parent alkane
longer alkyl group
Ether common name: suffix
ether
Ether common name
Name of alkyl group bonded to oxygen
Cyclic ethers
Ethylene oxide Tetrahydrofuran (THF) 1,4-Dioxane
cyclic ethers with a 3 membered rings
epoxide
Properties of epoxide
Behave differently from open-chain ethers or other cyclic ethers more reactive than other ethers because of ring strain Use in making “epoxy” adhesives, resins, and coatings
Epoxides are more reactive because of ____
Ring strain
Internal angle of triangle (equilateral triangle)
60 degrees
epoxide distance of bonds
109.5 due to sp3 hybridized