Sexuality
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Biological Sex
Chromosomal, hormonal, and anatomical characteristics used to classify someone as male or female at birth (body has a mix of features that are associated with male/female)
What are the chromosomes for male and female?
• XY (male) • XX (female)
Difference in sex/sexual development (DSD)
instances that may result in contraindications among chromosomal sex, gonadal sex, internal organs, and external genital appearance • example: a baby could have XY chromosomes (male) but have some female parts, or vice versa
Gender/Gender Identity
inner sense a person has of being male, female, or nonbinary, which may/may not correspond to a persons biological sex/sex assigned at birth
Gender expression
how a person presents themselves to the world
Gender diverse
having a gender identity that differs from what is traditionally expected Example: Nonbinary, Gender queer, Gender fluid
Gender dysphoria
distress or impairment because their biological sex or sex assigned at birth is contrary to their gender identity
Cisgender
gender identity corresponds to their sex assigned at birth
Sexual Orientation
who one is attracted to physically, emotionally, and/or romantically
Heterosexual
(or straight) refers to a person who is attracted to a person of the opposite gender
Gay/Lesbian
refers to a person attracted to members of the same gender gay (male+male; female+female) lesbian (female+female only)
Bisexual
person who is attracted to both males and females
Asexual
person who lacks romantic or sexual attraction to others
Questioning
person who is unsure of their sexual orientation
Sexual Identity
includes a person’s self-identity, biological sex, gender identity, gender role behavior/expression, and sexual orientation - broad concept
Sexual behavior
includes the ways people gain satisfaction through sexual stimulation
Compare Adaptive Sexual Response from Maldaptive Sexual Response
Adaptive sexual response: • must be done between two consenting adults, mutually satisfying, not harmful, without force, conducted in private Maladaptive sexual response: • do not meet critera for adaptive response
Who needs a sexual history?
Everyone but most importantly: • Pregnant patient (inpatient/outpatient) +STI, infertility, contraception • Patient with sexual dysfunction • Patient experiencing illness that may affect sexual function
Sexual Self Concept
various aspects of how individuals perceive themselves in relation to their sexuality
When conducting a sexual history assessment, what aspects should be included to obtain a complete understanding of a patient’s sexual health? (Select all that apply.) • History of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). • History of sexual dysfunction, noting that issues may start as early as age 30 in men. • Patient’s daily dietary habits. • Sexual self-care behaviors, such as prevention methods used during sexual activity. • Sexual self-concept, including feelings and attitudes towards one’s sexual health and identity. • General physical activity levels. • Assessment of sexual functioning, including libido, arousal, and satisfaction. • Patient’s sleep patterns. • Reproductive history
Correct Answers: 1. History of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). 2. History of sexual dysfunction, noting that issues may start as early as age 30 in men. 4. Sexual self-care behaviors, such as prevention methods used during sexual activity. 5. Sexual self-concept, including feelings and attitudes towards one’s sexual health and identity. 7. Assessment of sexual functioning, including libido, arousal, and satisfaction 9. Reproductive history
What is the BETTER Model used for? What does “BETTER” stand for?
What is the BETTER Model used for • help oncology nurses conduct sexual assessments with their patients more effectively What does “BETTER” stand for? • Bring - up topic of sexuality • Explain - you are concerned with all aspects of patients’ lives affected by disease • Tell - pt sexual dysfunction can happen • Timing - address sexuality at each visist and let pt know they can ask for information anytime • Educate - side effects of tx • Record - your assessments/interventions in pt medical records
What happens to libido as your age increases?
↑age = ↓sexual function = ↓libido
Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for addressing sexual health and functioning?(Select all that apply.) • Promoting health literacy among patients regarding sexual health. • Providing patients with accurate information to refute common sexual myths. • Addressing only the medical aspects of sexual health without discussing psychological impacts. • Discussing age-related changes in sexuality and sexual functioning, acknowledging that sexual function and libido may decrease with age. • Advocating for the recognition and fulfillment of patients’ sexual needs in healthcare settings. • Addressing health disparities and promoting inclusive care within the LGBTQ population.
Correct Answers: 1. Promoting health literacy among patients regarding sexual health. 2. Providing patients with accurate information to refute common sexual myths. 4. Discussing age-related changes in sexuality and sexual functioning, acknowledging that sexual function and libido may decrease with age. 5. Advocating for the recognition and fulfillment of patients’ sexual needs in healthcare settings. 6. Addressing health disparities and promoting inclusive care within the LGBTQ population.
If a patient refuses a sexual assessment due to being uncomfortable, the nurse should…
chart that communication was verbal and was unable to assess patient due to patient comfort level