Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Increase intracellular calcium results in increased…

Back (Answer)

Contraction

Front (Question)

A decrease in serum magnesium, Causes calcium in serum to…

Back (Answer)

Go down (Into the cell)

Front (Question)

An increase in serum magnesium Causes _________ in Serum calcium

Back (Answer)

Increase (Decrease inside the cells)

Front (Question)

Over 300 Enzymatic activity requires magnesium as a…

Back (Answer)

Cofactor

Front (Question)

What is the biologically active form of magnesium?

Back (Answer)

Ionized/free form (about 70%)

Front (Question)

Is magnesium extracellular or intracellular cation?

Back (Answer)

Intracellular, influenced by Hemolysis *divalent

Front (Question)

Major source of magnesium?

Back (Answer)

Diet/reabsorbed in intestine

Front (Question)

What is the normal value for magnesium in plasma/serum?

Back (Answer)

1.7-2.2 mEq/L (0. 85-1.10 mmol/L) • Member first number is twice as much

Front (Question)

What is the percentages and location of magnesium in the body?***

Back (Answer)

-bone 50-60% -muscle 20%, intracellular 20% (Cells equals 40%) -Serum 1%

#10

Front (Question)

Magnesium in serum, which accounts for 1% of all body magnesium, is in what forms?

Back (Answer)

-ionized about 70% * -Protein associated 25% -Combined ions (Phosphate and citrate) 5%

#11

Front (Question)

Steroid hormones don’t need plasma ____________

Back (Answer)

Receptors

#12

Front (Question)

Three mechanisms of allosteric regulator

Back (Answer)

-changes structure of proteins so substrate cannot bind -physically covers the substrate binding site -Enhances enzymatic activity

#13

Front (Question)

What are the functions of magnesium?

Back (Answer)

-enzymatic reactions, energy storage/transfer/production ** Inhibits calcium entry into cells! * Bone homeostasis (50-60%)

#14

Front (Question)

Magnesium in serum is regulated by…

Back (Answer)

-parathyroid hormone PTH (Can stimulate reabsorption in intestine and release from bone) -aldosterone (Increases sodium and decreases potassium), And thyroxine. Aldosterone And thyroxine increase in renal magnesium excretion (Lowers magnesium)*****

#15

Front (Question)

What three hormones regulate magnesium?

Back (Answer)

-thyroxine -Aldosterone -Parathyroid hormone PTH

#16

Front (Question)

Mg inhibits __________ entry into the cell

Back (Answer)

Calcium**

#17

Front (Question)

What are symptoms of hyper magnesium?

Back (Answer)

heart block, vomiting, nausea Sedation, respiratory depression, paralysis,coma

#18

Front (Question)

Causes of elevated magnesium

Back (Answer)

• adrenal insufficiency: Hypoaldosteronism (aldosterone increases magnesium excretion) • hypothyroidism -Renal Failure -Dehydration (Relative amount, not absolute amount)

#19

Front (Question)

Symptoms of hypomagnesium

Back (Answer)

-tetany and seizures, decreasing neural transmission, CV abnormalities, weakness, tremors, paralysis,,, psychiatric disorders

#20

Front (Question)

Causes of hypomagnesium

Back (Answer)

• diabetes mellitus (Type two magnesium effects insulin function) • Diuretic therapy • alcoholism -Drug therapy • Hyperaldosteronism (Magnesium gets excreted)

#21

Front (Question)

What is the most abundant mineral in the body, fifth most abundant inorganic element

Back (Answer)

Calcium Too much increases apoptosis

#22

Front (Question)

______% of calcium resides in the bone (reservoir), ___% in plasma

Back (Answer)

99 1

#23

Front (Question)

Of the 1% of calcium in the plasma what percentage is the free ionized form that is biologically active? What percentage is bound to proteins?

Back (Answer)

45-50 40-50

#24

Front (Question)

________-Calcium specific curator ________-Divalent curator that removes calcium and magnesium

Back (Answer)

EGTA, EDTA