9 - Transport in Animals
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Circulatory System
a system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure one way flow of blood
Why is ours called a double circulatory system?
Blood passes through heart 2x in a heartbeat
Single circulation exists in
Fish - blood flows through heart 1x
Double circulation comprises ___ circuits
2
Advantages of double circulation
Higher blood pressure - faster transport of material, reaches further out in the body
Right atrium
Sends blood to RV via AV valves
Right ventricle
Contracts, pumps blood through PA via SL valves
Left ventricle
Contracts, pumps blood to aorta via SL valves
Left atrium
Sends blood to LV via AV valves
AV Valves
Atrioventricular valves stop backflow of blood from the atrium to the ventricle
SL valves
Semilunar valves stop the backflow of blood from the RV -> PA and the LV -> Aorta
Pulmonary Artery
Takes blood from RV -> Lungs (left and right)
Aorta
Takes blood from LV -> The rest of the body
Pulmonary Veins
Take blood from lungs -> left A
Superior and inferior vena cava
Take blood from body -> right A
Septum
Separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Methods of monitoring heartbeat
Taking an ECG, measuring pulse, listening to heart
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by
Blockage of coronary arteries
Increase risk of CHD by
getting old, having a family with it, being a certain gender, having a bad diet, and smoking
Prevent CHD by
Eating healthy and exercising
The thickness of the walls of the chambers depend on
The distance they have to pump blood
Each heartbeat involves..
Cyclic relaxation and contraction of the walls of the atria and ventricles
Artery
Blood away from heart, high pressure, strong and elastic, thick walls, smol lumen
Vein
Blood toward heart, thin walls, big lumen, low pressure, valves to stop backflow of blood