Inflammation And Tissue Healing
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Define inflammation
The immune systems response to harmful stimuli e.g pathogens, damaged cells or toxic compunds
What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation
Pain Redness Heat Loss of function Swelling
What are the four phases of tissue repair and describe them
1 - bleeding (4-6 hours), soft tissue is disrupted and blood vessels are severed releasing blood plasma and blood cells into wound site 2 - inflammation (2/3 hours-couple of weeks), mast cells detect injury and release histamine initiating inflammatory response 3 - proliferation (24/48 hours-2/3 weeks), fibroblast acts to repair connective tissue and new blood vessels are formed 4 - remodelling (1/2 weeks-1 year), refinement of collagen
What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation
Acute inflammation starts rapidly and symptoms may last a few days however chronic inflammation is slow, long term lasting for several months to years
List the general and local factors that may affect tissue healing
General - age, protein deficiency, low vitamin C, steroids, low temperature Local - poor blood supply, adhesion to bone, prolonged inflammation, drying of wound, excessive movement