Compare and contrast chromosomes genes and dna
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid information molecule; for next generation and blueprint for maintaining cellular functions
gene
a sequence of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity/that a cell can use
mitosis
cell division in eukaryotes that produces two daughter cells, each with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.
meiosis
specialized cell division used to create haploid gametes in diploid organism.
monomer of DNA is?
nucelotides
phosphodiester bond
a covalent bond that links two nucleotides together in a nucleic acid molecule
four nitrogenous bases
adenine thymine guanine cytosine
polynucleotides
two long strands of nucleotides
adenine only hydrogen bonds with_______
thymine
Guanine only hydrogen bonds with
cytosine
where is most of human DNA kept?
nucleus a small amount is in the mitochondria
genome
a complete set of genetic information in a cell
how many unique chromosome do humans have
46 23 from each parent
chromosomes
a structure made of protein and one molecule of DNA/long double helix of DNA
tRNA
transfer RNA
rRNA
ribosomal RNA
codons
triplets of nucleotides that code for amino acids
genetic code
the set of 64 codons that specify the 20 amino acids
complementary strand
a molecule of RNA (or a strand of DNA) synthesized from a complementary template strand.
chromatid
one of the two duplicate of a chromosome formed during the cell cycle
the sequence of amino acids in a gene is used to make an mRNA copy which is read by a ribosome to make a chain of bases that fold into a protien
DNA. RNA. Protein