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Soil Horizons

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Total cards: 12•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (12)

#1
Front (Question)

List the horizons from top to bottom

Back (Answer)

O A E B C R

#2
Front (Question)

O

Back (Answer)

Humus or organic topmost layer.

#3
Front (Question)

A

Back (Answer)

TOPSOIL Looks darker because of organic matter. Most fertile part of soil profile. “plow layer”

#4
Front (Question)

Which layer is the most fertile?

Back (Answer)

A

#5
Front (Question)

E

Back (Answer)

ELUVIATED horizon only REALLY weather soils. Material starts moving out and leaching into bottom layer. Lighter color. Sandy texture.

#6
Front (Question)

B

Back (Answer)

SUBSOIL layer of accumulation (usually clay) Different texture (sand, silt, clay)

#7
Front (Question)

C

Back (Answer)

PARENT MATERIAL rock actively weathering

#8
Front (Question)

R

Back (Answer)

Bedrock bottom most layer.

#9
Front (Question)

subordinate: t

Back (Answer)

TOUGH zone of clay illuviation used with B master horizon (Bt)

#10
Front (Question)

subordinate: w

Back (Answer)

WEAK Non-illuvial development Color or structure change caused by weathering in place. Used with B master horizon (Bw)

#11
Front (Question)

subordinate: g

Back (Answer)

GLAY OR GRAY lack of oxygen has reduces iron from red to gray. Often find (Btg)

#12
Front (Question)

subordinate: h

Back (Answer)

HUMIC illuvial organic matter, washed out by acidic condition Usually below an E horizon Used with B master horizon (Bh)