Lesson 2 Cell
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Types of Cells
Eukaryotic Prokaryotic
no lack a nuclear envelope and membrane- bound organelles divides through Binary Fission
Prokaryotic Cells
yes has are generally larger and have very distinct nuclei that are clearly surrounded by nuclear membranes They also have numerous membrane- bound organelles found in the cytoplasm they divide through Cell Division
Eukaryotic Cells
Regions of the cell
Cell(plasma) membrane Protoplasm Nucleus Cytoplasm
all the living matter in a cell includes Nucleus Cytoplasm
Protoplasm
regions of the animal cell
cell membrane nucleus nucleolus vacuole lysosome cytoplasm mitochrondion endoplasmic reticulum golgi complex
lipid bilayer
hydrophilic head hydrophobic tail barrier impermeable to most water-soluble molecules
Components of Plasma Membrane
Lipids Proteins Carbohydrates
types of lipids in plasma membrane eu
phospholipids cholesterol
types of proteins in plasma membrane eu
integral proteins peripherals proteins
types of carbohydrates in plasma membrane eu
glycolipids glycoproteins
Characteristics of Plasma Membrane
Fluid Mosaic Model Membrane Fluidity Selectively Permeable
Mosaic
different molecules
Fluidity
natural viscosity
fatty acid tails of the phospholipids M F eu
“kinks”
molecules which act as regulators of fluidity M F eu
cholesterol
which only allows certain molecules to move into and out of the cell
lipid bilayer
Plasma Membrane is permeable to:
Lipids Alcohol Small Molecules (oxygen nitrogen carbon dioxide water)
Plasma Membrane is impermeable to
Polar Molecules Large Molecules (glucose amino acids nucleic acids proteins)
4 roles of membrane proteins
channel carrier cell recognition receptor
passageway of certain molecules
Channel Proteins
change conformation to transport molecules
Carrier Proteins
detect invading pathogens
Cell Recognition Proteins
binding of molecules to trigger responses
Receptor Proteins