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暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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what are the organelles in a eukaryote?
cytoskeleton endomembrane system primary genome of chromosomes 80s ribosomes mitochondria plastids sexual reproduction
what are the 2 functions of a skeleton?
• structure • facilitates movement
where are microtubules found?
in spindles
how are microtubules assembled and what does that create?
in a helix, creates an empty tube
what are the two types of tubulin in a microtubule?
alpha tubulin beta tubulin
what creates the charged ends
the alpha and beta arrangement
what is the purpose of an intermediate filament
• intracellular transport • aids in movement
what is a microfilament?
an actin subunit
what is the order from biggest to smallest of microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filament
microtubule>intermediate filament>microfilament
what do cilia and flagella have in common?
the same internal structure
how do flagella beat?
in smooth S-shaped waves that travel from base to tip
how do cilia beat?
in an oarlike power stroke followed by a recovery stroke
how many pairs of collums around the periferrel of flagellum?
9
how many collumns in the middle of the flagellum?
2
what does a dynein arm do?
it reaches to a microtubule to shorten filamen
what does shortening the filamen do to the flagellum?
bends it
what is an endomembrane system?
the internal membrane system
what are the 6 eukaryotic cell features
nucleus mitochrondria plasma membrane cytoskeleton endoplasmic reticulum golgi apparatus
how is the animal cell different from the plant cell (3ways)?
-animals dont have a cell wall, a central vacuual or chloroplasts -almost everything has a membrane
what features do both types of cell have?
both have nuclei, golgo apparatus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum
what do endomembranes allow?
-partition (space for particular functions) -increase surface area of the cell -engulf large particles
why is an increased surface area of the cell important?
to have biomechanical reactions proceed
why is engulfing large particles important?
-its the origin of predation -it creates space to eat things
what type of dna does a prokaryotic cell have?
1 long circular loop of DNA