Nomenculture
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Give the functional group for a carboxylate salt And suffix
COO- (NA+) -anoate I.e. Sodium methanoate
Give the functional group of an acyl chloride and suffix
COCL -anoyl chloride Ethanoyl chloride
Give the functional group of an acid an hydride and suffix
O=COOC=O -anoic anhydride
Give the functional group of an amide and suffix
CONH2 -anamide Propanamide
Give the functional group of an ester and suffix
C=O-O–R Anoate Methyl methanoate
Give the functional group for an N-Substituted amide and suffix
C=ONHR ( compound only attaches to N ) -anamide N-ethyl ethanamide
Give the functional group for a primary amine and sufffix
R-NH2 Amino
Give the functional group of secondary amine
R-NH-R
Give the functional group of tertiary amine
3R-N
Give the functional group of a Alkyl ammonium salt
[—N+–]. Cl- Methylethylammonium chloride
How are secondary and tertiary amines named
By using an N-alkyl prefix to show what the shorter chain is and the longer chain followed by suffix ane N-methylamino ethane
What name is given to the alcohol group when the functional group is an alcohol is paired with a nitrile or anything with a C=o
Prefix- hydroxy 2-hydroxypropanic acid
What is structurally isomerism
When compounds have the same molecular formula but are arranged different
What are the two types of isomerism
Structural and steroisomerism
What are the 3 types of structural isomerism
Chain Positional Functional group
What is positional isomerism
Same molecular formula but functional groups are in different positions on the carbon chain
What is chain isomerism
Same molecular formula but the order of the carbon chain is different
What is functional isomerism
Same molecular formula but contain different functional groups I.e. Carboxylic acid and esters CnH2n O2
What groups show functional isomerism
Alkenes and cycloalkanes Carboxylic acids and ester Ketone and aldehyde Alcohols and ethers
What is steroisomerism
The same molecular formula but atoms are arranged differently in space
What are the two types of steroisomerism
Geometrical Optical isomerism
When does geometrical isomerism occur
In an alkenes when both carbon atoms are attached two different Groups
What are the two types of geometrical isomerism and how do they differ
Z same side E- different sides
What is chirality in a molecule
When a carbon atom is attached to 4 different groups