Chapter 3: Muscular System
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How much of your body weight accounts for your muscles?
30%-40%
How many muscles in the body?
Over 650
What are the major functions of the muscular system?
Movement, support and heat production
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, cardiac and smooth
Which two types of muscle tissues are striated?
Skeletal and cardiac
What are the five property’s of muscle cells?
Conductivity, contractibility, extend ability, elasticity, irritability
What is irritability?
Ability to respond to stimuli
What is conductivity?
Ability to transmit nerve impulses
What is the basic muscle unit?
Sarcomere
What is a sarcomere made of?
Actin and myosin
What is created with many sarcomeres?
Myofibrils
What is the connective tissue surrounding muscle fibres?
Endomysium
What binds many muscle fibres?
Perimysium
What binds many perimysiums? What does it form?
Epimysium, extends beyond muscle to form the tendon
How do muscles indirectly attach to bones?
Epimysium extends past muscle as a tendon and attaches to periosteum of bone
How do muscles directly attach to bones?
Epimysium fuses directly to the periosteum
What is the least moveable part or point of muscle attachment?
Origin
What is the most moveable part of muscle attachment farthest from the midline?
Insertion
Which muscle is primarily involved for movement?
Agonist
Which muscle counteracts the agonist by lengthening?
Antagonist
What are some reasons for muscle names?
Function, points of attachment, number if heads, location, shape, direction of fibres
What are the three types of muscle contractions?
Concentric, eccentric and isometric
What type of exercise is controlled concentric and eccentric contractions?
Isotonic exercise
What is isometric exercise?
Muscle fibres maintain same length/static