Covalent Bonding

a chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction of a shared pair of electrons and two nuclei

a chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction of cation and an anion

atoms of the different elements are held together in molecules by covalent bonds

a chemical compound (or element) in which the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network extending throughout the material (no fixed chemical formula, but a fixed ratio of elements)

a chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction of a metal cation and a sea of delocalized electrons

when two particle types have opposite charge and there is mutual attraction.

a measure of an atom’s ability to attract shared electrons to itself

a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction

structures that show the connectivity, or bonding sequence of the atoms, indicating single, double, or triple bonds

electrons involved in chemical bonding

a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent bond

When atoms contain more than eight electrons in their valence shell, they are said to be hypervalent, only elements in row three and below can be hypervalent

An electron-deficient compound is one in which the central atom’s octet is incomplete due to a lack of electrons. Boron and Beryllium are the examples you need to know.

molecular ions composed of two or more atoms bonded by covalent bonds and acting as a single unit, but unlike molecules, they have a net charge on them. You need to know: ammonium, hydroxide, nitrate, hydrogencarbonate, carbonate, sulfate and phosphate.

the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell

the number of bonding pairs of electrons between two atoms

a chemical bond between two atoms involving two valence electrons

a chemical bond between two atoms involving four valence electrons

a chemical bond between two atoms involving six valence electrons

a covalent bond (a shared pair of electrons) in which both electrons come from the same atom

Valance shell electron pair repulsion theory, used to find molecular and electron domain geometries

the number of lone pairs or bond locations around a particular atom in a molecule

an electron domain involved in bonding

an electron domain with non-bonding or lone pair electrons