14: Intro Carbohydrates, Lipids, Amino Acids

A monosaccharide is called _______ if it has 3 C’s

Cyclization of a hydroxy carbonyl compound always forms a stereogenic center at the hemiacetal carbon (the carbonyl carbon), called the?

The ____________ in any monosaccharide has the OH group drawn down, trans to the CH2OH group

Right substituents are drawn as?

six-membered rings used to represent the cyclic hemiacetals of glucose and other sugar

this is a stepwise procedure that shortens the length of an aldose chain by cleavage of the C1 – C2 bond

To easily represent all stereogenic centers of carbohydrates, their structures of are often represented by _________________________formula

these with the same number of carbon can exist as constitutional isomers

Aldoses and Ketoses with the same number of carbon can exist as?

Treatment of d-glucose with _______________ (NH2OH) forms an oxime by nucleophilic addition

Carbohydrates were given their name because their molecular formulas could be written as Cn(H2O)n, making them?

Left substituents are drawn as?

these are commonly referred to as sugars and starches

they are all sweet tasting, but their relative sweetness varies a great deal.

The presence of so many polar functional groups capable of hydrogen bonding makes them water soluble

monosaccharides are so polar that they are insoluble in organic solvents like?

Two diastereomers that differ in the configuration around one stereogenic center only are called?

these were given their name because their molecular formulas could be written as Cn(H2O)n, making them hydrates of carbon

Treatment of d-glucose with hydroxylamine (NH2OH) forms an _________ by nucleophilic addition

Many carbohydrates contain _____________ or ______________

A monosaccharide is called _______ if it has 6 C’s

The ____________ has the anomeric OH group drawn up, cis to the CH2OH group at C5

A monosaccharide is called _______ if it has 5 C’s

They are polar compounds with high melting points