Food nurition
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What is catabolism
Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules
Where does conversion of ATP happen in
Mitochondria
Where are water soluble nutrients exported to
circulatory system
Where are fat soluble nutrients exported to
lymphatic system
What is a subtype of catabolism
digestion
What is anabolism
Building of macromolecules from smaller molecules It catabolise to produce energy
What is the energy of carbohydrates, protein, fats
4,4,9
What can cause malnutrition
Parasites, food borne illnesses, poverty
What are the functions of proteins
structure, enzymes, maintenance, growth
Can essential amino be synthesised by the body
no
What are the essential amino acids Arginine Alanine Aspartic acid Asparagine Cysteine Glutamine Glycine Glutamic acid Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Tyrosine Threonine Tryptophan Serine Valine
Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine Tryptophan Valine
What are conditionally essential amino acids
Amino acids that can be synthesised by the body but the rate of synthesis is insufficient to meet the needs of the body due to certain conditions
What is de novo synthesis
The ability to make a simpler building block
What is complementary proteins
Combination of different types of proteins to get the required essential proteins
Does plant or animal sources contain higher amount of amino acids
animal based foods
What happens during catabolism of an amino acid
amino group is removed as ammonia before converting into urea for excretion. The carbon skeleton is used to make glucose, fat or oxidized to produce energy
What is the function of fat
cell membrane, adoptive tissue, padding for internal organs, dissolve fat soluble vitamins, production of hormones
What types of fatty acids can be synthesised from de novo synthesis
monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids
What are essential fatty acids to obtain from the diet
Linoleic acid & α-linoleic acid
What are starches hydrolysed into before absorption
glucose
What is the hormone which signals storage of glucose
insulin
What is the hormone which signals break down of glycogen
Glucagon
What are amino acids & lipids converted into
ketone bodies
What is the downside of conversion of amino acids & lipids into ketone bodies
Excessive production of it can lead to ketoacidosis which lowers pH of blood