C15.7 Making fertilisers in the lab
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How is the ammonia used?
Can be used as a fertiliser itself in liquid form Most is changed into compounds of ammonia
How is ammonium nitrate made?
10% of ammonia made in the Haber process is converted in another process into nitric acid Then ammonia and nitric acid reacts to make ammonium nitrate
When are salts formed?
When acids and alkalis react together in a neutralisation reaciton
How can you make ammonium sulfate in the lab?
By using the titration of dilute sulfuric acid against ammonia solution
How can you set-up the titration to make ammonium sulfate?
Measure 25cm^3 of ammonia with a pipette and put it into a conical flask Add dilute sulfuric acid 1cm^3 at a time using a burette Stir the flask and dip a glass rod Then test a drop of the solution on blue litmus paper Keep adding until it turns pink
Why is important to repeat the titration?
Repeat until you get 2 volumes of sulfuric acid with 0.1cm^3 of each other - these are called concordant results
What do you do after you have collected the solution?
Put it on an evaporating dish and heat until half the solution has evaporated Leave the rest of the solution to dry to leave crystals of ammonium sulfate