Unit 1 - Atomic Structure
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Everything in the world is made up of atoms. Name the three smaller particles which make up atoms.
Protons, neutrons and electrons
Describe the charge, mass and position within the atom of protons.
Protons are positively charged, have a mass of 1 amu and are found in the nucleus.
Describe the charge, mass and position with the atom of neutrons.
Neutrons have no charge (neutral), have a mass of 1 amu and found in the nucleus
Describe the charge, mass and position within the atom of electrons.
Electrons are negatively charged, have a mass of nearly 0 and found in circles called energy levels around the nucleus.
How many electrons can fit in the 1st energy shell 2nd energy shell 3rd energy shell
2 8 8
What is the electron arrangement of Carbon (6 electrons) Lithium (3 electrons) Calcium (20 electrons)
2,4 2,1 2,8,8,2
Explain how an atom can contain charged particles yet be uncharged overall.
They contain the same number of positive protons as negative electrons or the charges cancel.
What is an isotope?
Same atomic number/protons and different mass number/mass/number of neutrons or Atoms of the same element with different mass number/mass/number of neutrons
What is meant by relative atomic mass?
Relative atomic mass is the average mass of the isotopes present, taking into account their relative proportions.
What is an ion and how are they formed?
An ion is a charged atom formed by the gain or loss of electrons
What name is given to the way of representing an atom showing atomic number and mass number?
Nuclide Notation
Which number is which in nuclide notation?
The top number is the mass number The bottom number is the atomic number