topic 6 The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (20)
What is the rate of reaction?
A: How fast reactants are turned into products.
Q: How can rate of reaction be measured?
A: By measuring change in mass, volume of gas, or how quickly a cross disappears.
: What is collision theory?
A: Reactions occur when particles collide with enough energy.
Q: What is activation energy?
A: The minimum energy needed for a reaction to occur.
Q: How does increasing temperature affect rate?
A: Particles move faster, collide more often and with more energy, so rate increases
Q: How does increasing concentration or pressure affect rate?
A: More particles in the same space, so more frequent collisions.
Q: How does increasing surface area affect rate?
A: More exposed particles, so more frequent collisions.
Q: What is a catalyst?
A: A substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up.
Q: How do catalysts work?
A: They lower the activation energy by providing an alternative reaction pathway.
Q: What is a reversible reaction?
A: A reaction where products can react to form the original reactants.
Q: Example of a reversible reaction?
A: Hydrated copper sulfate ⇌ anhydrous copper sulfate + water.
Q: In reversible reactions, what happens to energy?
A: If the forward reaction is exothermic, the reverse is endothermic.
Q: What is dynamic equilibrium?
A: When the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate in a closed system.
Q: What does Le Chatelier’s Principle state?
A: If conditions change, the equilibrium shifts to oppose the change.
Q: Effect of increasing concentration of reactants?
A: Equilibrium shifts right to make more products.
Q: Effect of increasing temperature in an exothermic reaction?
A: Equilibrium shifts left (to absorb heat).
Q: Effect of increasing pressure?
A: Equilibrium shifts to the side with fewer gas molecules.
Q: What is the unit for rate of reaction?
A: Usually g/s or cm³/s.
Q: How is rate found from a graph?
A: The steeper the gradient, the faster the rate.