MYTH 1 - Lecture 1 - Introduction to Health, Wellness and Exercise Injuries

Health - it is the absence of disease. more globally it refers to physical, mental, and social well-being Fitness - ability to perform activities required of an individual Physical Activity - any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles Wellness - newer and broader concept which combines health, fitness, emotionally, intellectual, spiritual and environmental aspects

• it evaluated health, exercise, dietary and others history of Harvard University Alumni • Association between physical activity and mortality • 20,000 Harvard grads had their diets tracked and physical activity, duration and intensity -> they wanted to see if they developed chronic disorders [e.g. type 2 diabetes, Cardiovascular disease, Cancer, stroke, obesity] • PEOPLE WHO REGULARLY EXERCISED HAD A LOWER CHANCE OF DEVELOPING THESE DISEASES/DISORDERS

• longitudinal look at the population of Framingham • also showed a decreased death rate in people who were physically active • concept of cardiovascular disease risk factors Wanted to see the difference and why there were differences between people with CVD and those without

• High cholesterol - risk of developing CVD • High BP (>160mmHg Systolic or > 95 mmHg diastolic) • Smoking (> 1 pack/day) • Inactive lifestyle (Sedentary) • Diabetes • Obesity • Non-modifiable factors (age, gender, family history)

• measured fitness levels rather than simply activity levels • divided the population into 5 levels of fitness according to VO2max • found that as fitness levels increased, the death rate decreased

• Bruises - internal haemorrhage • Fractures • Dislocations • Cramps - lack of salt or water • Strains - muscle damage • Concussions - temp loss of consciousness • Sprains - surrounding the soft tissue • Heart Attacks or death [very rare]