Lenses test

When light travels from one object to another, it bends slightly due to the environmental changes.

Every medium has a different speed of light. An objects index of refraction is that specific speed of light compared to the speed of light in a vacuum. n=c/v NO UNITS

3.00 x 10*8

Incident index of refraction

final index of refraction

then angle 1 is BIGGER than angle 2 (hint: both sides of the equation must be equal)

then angle 1 is SMALLER than angle 2

the ray will bend towards the normal line

Ray will bend away from the normal

converging and diverging

(Convex) - Thickest in the middle - Rays come together - Can produce real or virtual images

(Concave) - Thinnest in the middle - Rays spread out - Always produces an upright, virtual image

+f - converging -f - diverging +di - behind lense -di - in front +do - real -do - virtual +hi - upright -hi - inverted

Negative M = inverted and real Positive M = upright and virtual

Transparent outer surface where light enters and is made of living cells

dark circular opening that allows light in

coloured part of eye made of a circular band of muscles that open and close depending on how much light is needed in the pupil.

Acts as a projector for the light when it reaches the retina at the back of the eye. Images are inverted here but the brain processes them as upright.

convex lens can adjust focal point

• makes the lens more spherical and thicker • shortens focal point so we can see close

• make the lens thinner and flatter • lengthens focal point so we can see far away.

also known as farsightedness • cannot see nearby • image behind retina • needs converging (convex) lens

also known as nearsightedness - cannot see far - image produced in front of retina - needs diverging (concave) lens

convex