AP BIO Gene Expression

gene expression in bacteria is controlled by this mechanism

single promoter that serves a set of functionally related genes, includes operator, promoter, and the genes controlled

regulatory switch that is a segment of DNA

protein that switches the operon off by binding to RNA polymerase

trp and lac operon are active in what type of cells

typically off, but when induced, the repressor is inactivated

loosens chromatin structure by adding acetyl groups, this promotes the transcription of the gene sequence

adding methyl groups to DNA bases, condensing chromatin making it harder to transcript from

when traits are inherited that are not exactly from the nucleotide sequence but can still be passed on

expression of different genes by cells with the same genome

processes lactose, typically turned off unless a repressor inactivates it

distal control elements that are far away from a gene

different mRNA molecules are produced by the same primary transcript

untranslated region at the 3’ end of a mRNA molecule after the stop codon

cell attaches ubiquitin to the protein and this triggers the destruction

degrade the mRNA or block its translation

small interfering mRNA that is formed from different precursors than miRNA

inhibiting gene expression

base pairing a strand of a DNA or RNA (called a probe) to detect mRNA

single stranded DNA or RNA that is a complementary molecule

fluorescence technique to see the mRNA in place

sample sets of mRNA are recreated over and over as DNA with the corresponding sequences

a copy of mRNA that is used to do PCR