Posterior Axioappendicular & Scapulohumeral Muscles

Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi

Levator Scapulae Rhomboid Major Rhomboid Minor

PA- Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, SPs of C7-T12 vertebrae DA- Lat 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula N/S- Accessory nerve/C3,4 spinal nerves A- Superior: elevates scapula Middle (and all parts together): retracts scapula Inferior: depresses scapula Superior & inferior together: rotate glenoid fossa superiorly

PA - SPs of inferior 6 thoracic vert, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs DA - Floor of the intertubercular groove N/S- Thoracodorsal nerve A- Extends, adducts and medially rotates the humerus

PA- TPs C1-4 vertebrae DA- Medial border of the scapula superior to the spine of the scapula N/S- Dorsal scapular nerve & Cervical nerves C3,4 A- Elevates scapula and inferiorly rotates glenoid fossa

PA- Minor: nuchal lig, SPs of C7-T1; Major: SPs of T2-T5 DA- Minor: medial end of scapula spine; Major: medial border of scapula, below the spine N/S- Dorsal scapular nerve A- Retract scapula, inferiorly rotate glenoid fossa, fix scapula against thoracic wall

• Deltoid • Teres major (Rotator Cuff Muscles) • Supraspinatus • Teres minor • Infraspinatus • Subscapularis

PA- Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula DA- Deltoid tuberosity of humerus N/S- Axillary nerve A- Anterior: flexes and medially rotates arm Middle part: abducts arm Posterior part: extends and laterally rotates arm

PA- Posterior surface of Inferior angle of scapula DA- Medial lip of the intertubercular groove N/S- Lower subscapular nerve A- Adducts and medially rotates the arm

PA- Supraspinous fossa of scapula DA- Superior facet of the greater tubercle of humerus N/S- Suprascapular nerve A- Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm, stabilizes GH joint

PA- Infraspinous fossa of scapula DA- Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus N/S- Suprascapular nerve A- Laterally rotates humerus, stabilises GH joint

PA- Middle part of the lateral border of the scapula DA- Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus N/S- Axillary nerve A- Laterally rotates humerus, stabilises GH joint

PA- Subscapular fossa DA- Lesser tubercle of the humerus N/S- Upper & lower subscapular nerves A- Medially rotates arm, stabilises the GH joint

Superior facet- supraspinatus Middle facet – infraspinatus Inferior facet – teres minor

Supraspinatus is separated from coracoacromial arch by subacromial bursa. These structures can be impinged (squashed) within this space resulting in inflammation, pain and/or dysfunction