3.1

A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, causes, and control of health problems in a population.

When there is a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease in a population,

A disease perpetually present in a community or population within a specific geographic area.

A sudden increase in the occurrence of a disease in a localized area.

An epidemic that has spread across several countries or continents and affects a large number of people.

An infection acquired in a hospital; also known as a hospital-acquired infection or HAI.

The establishment of a disease-causing microorganism within a host.

An organism in which another organism lives.

A disorder of structure or function in an organism that results in specific signs or symptoms, may affect a specific location in the organism, and is not a direct result of physical injury.

A disease-causing organism.

Any of various infectious proteins that are abnormal forms of normal cellular proteins. Prions proliferate by inducing normal proteins to convert to the abnormal form that causes diseases

Any of a large group of nonliving, submicroscopic infective agents that typically comprise an RNA or DNA core of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat

A single-celled, prokaryotic microorganism.

Any eukaryotic protist of the phylum or subkingdom Protozoa.

Saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll, such as molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts.

A large, eukaryotic, multicellular, parasitic worm, such as a tapeworm, liver fluke, ascarid, or leech.

Disease transmission that occurs when a susceptible host touches an infected individual or is exposed to their body fluids.

Disease transmission that occurs when a susceptible host touches an infected individual or is exposed to their body fluids.

Non-specific immune defense mechanisms that we are born with. These mechanisms work to keep anything outside of us from coming in.

Specific immune defense mechanisms. This form of immunity is acquired over a lifetime and uses antibodies to respond to specific antigens.

Anything that stimulates an immune response.

A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) produced by the thymus and involved in the immune response.

A type of lymphocyte (white blood cell) that matures in bone marrow and produces antibodies.

A protein produced by B cells in the blood; works to impair pathogens. Also called an immunoglobulin.